International Mother Language Day

Global mother Language Day is well known international on February 21 each year to promote linguistic and cultural variety and focus of multilingualism. The day has been celebrated global for the reason that 2000. The date represents the day in 1952 when students have been protesting for reputation of their language, Bengali, as one of the  national languages ​​of Pakistan at the time, shot dead by way of police in Dhaka, the capital of gift-day Bangladesh. The spirit of Bengali nationalism originated from the bloody twenty first century and progressively received momentum and later in 1971 the long cherished independence was done.

mother Tongue movement: The Bangla Language motion, also known as the Language movement (Language motion), became a political movement in the former East Bengal, in prefer of spotting Bengali as the professional language of present-day Bangladesh, the then dominion of Pakistan. to use it in government work, to preserve its use as a medium of education, to apply it in media, forex and stamps, and to keep its writing in Bengali script.

historical past: the existing international locations of Pakistan and Bangladesh have been part of undivided India in the course of the British colonial rule. From the middle of the nineteenth century, Urdu changed into developed as the language of Indian Muslims by using political and spiritual leaders together with Sir Khwaja Salimullah, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Nawab Viga-ul-Mulk. And Abdul Haq Urdu is an Indo-Aryan language of the Indo-Iranian department, which belongs to the languages ​​of the Indo-european circle of relatives. It developed below the influence of Persian, Arabic and Turkish over the corruption of South Asia at some point of the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire. The language, in conjunction with the Persian-Arabic script, became taken into consideration an crucial element of Islamic culture for Indian Muslims. although the use of Urdu typically expanded among the Muslims of North India, the Muslims of Bengal used Bengali to start with. Bengali is an japanese Indo-Aryan language that originated from the East relevant Indian language around 1000 ad and advanced appreciably throughout the Bengal Renaissance. Even before the partition of India, Bengali supporters adverse Urdu, while Bengali representatives rejected the idea of ​​making Urdu the language of Muslims.

Early degrees of the motion: After the partition of India in 1947, the Bengali-speaking people in East Bengal, the non-communicable japanese part of the dominion of Pakistan, had 44 million of the newly formed Dominions out of 69 million human beings in Pakistan. The authorities of Pakistan, dominated by means of the civil provider and the army regime, however, turned into dominated via the employees of the Western branch of the kingdom of Pakistan. In 1947, a keynote resolution at a national schooling conference in Karachi encouraged Urdu as the only country language and its specific use inside the media and faculties. opposition and demonstrations accompanied. Dhaka students accrued below the leadership of Abul Kashem, secretary of Tamaddun Majlish, a Bengali Islamic cultural corporation.

The meeting decided Bengali to be the reputable language of the kingdom of Pakistan and the medium of instruction in East Bengal. On 6 December 1948, a massive number of Bengali college students collected at the campus of Dhaka college to demand that Bengali be made the legit language. They preach their cause. Bengali college students have marched in Dhaka.

Noting that Urdu isn't the mom tongue of any part of Pakistan, linguist Muhammad Shahidullah said, "If we ought to pick out a 2nd kingdom language, Urdu must be considered." writer Abul Mansur Ahmed said that if Urdu became the state language, the human beings of East Bengal might turn out to be uneducated and ineligible for authorities posts.

the first 'Rashtrabhasha Sangram Parishad' as an corporation for Bengal as the state language become formed in late December 1947. assembly member Dhirendranath Dutt proposed law to permit members of the Constituent assembly of Pakistan to talk Bengali and permit its use. legit purpose. Dutt's inspiration was supported by way of the legal professionals of East Bengal in addition to the humans of the place. top Minister Liaquat Ali Khan and the Muslim League condemned the notion as an try and divide the Pakistani human beings, then the law become defeated.

students of Dhaka university and other faculties in the city staged a fashionable strike on 11 March 1948 to protest the exclusion of Bengali language from government use. Police attacked the procession and injured numerous students and arrested political and scholar leaders.

At the height of the civil unrest, preferred Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the reliable of Pakistan, arrived in Dhaka on 19 March 1948. On March 21, at a civic reception at the Racecourse Maidan, he announced that Urdu and most effective Urdu would be the nation language of Pakistan. Jinnah gave a similar speech to Curzon on March 24 within the hall of Dhaka college.

At both meetings, Jinnah turned into interrupted by a large segment of the target market.

events of 1952: The Urdu-Bengali battle resumed when Jinnah's successor, Sarkar-trendy Khwaja Nazimuddin, firmly defended the 'Urdu-only' coverage in a speech on 26 January 1952. A assembly become held on the Bar Library hall of Dhaka university beneath the chairmanship of Maulana Bhasani. The movement committee referred to as for an all-out protest, together with a strike and meeting on February 21. while arrangements for the protest had been underway, the authorities issued segment a hundred and forty four in Dhaka, banning gatherings of more than four human beings.

21 Feb.February: At nine o'clock within the morning, college students commenced to acquire at the campus of Dhaka college in violation of phase one hundred forty four. the scholars amassed around the East Bengal Legislative assembly and blocked the manner for lawyers to provide their insistence in the Legislative assembly. Police opened fire when a collection of students attempted to go into the building and killed several college students including Abdus Salam, Rafiq Uddin Ahmed, Abdul Barkat and Abdul Jabbar. And public delivery stopped and the general strike started out.

subsequently, on 7 can also 1954, the Constituent assembly, in assist of the Muslim League, decided to supply authentic repute to the Bengalis. On 29 February 1956, Bengali became the second legitimate language of Pakistan. historical past of worldwide mom Language Day: In remembrance of twenty first February 1952, the day is observed as 'Martyr's Day' each yr and turned into later declared as global mother Language Day.

The pioneer is Rafiqul Islam, who lives in Vancouver. On January 9, 1998, Rafiq wrote a letter to Mr. Kofi Annan, proposing to take steps to shop all the world's languages ​​from the possibility of a vacation spot and to declare an worldwide mother Language Day. February 21 at the pretext of murder in Dhaka at some stage in the 1952 language movement.

Rafiq founded 'a collection of mother Tongues of the arena' with Abdus Salam, which includes 2 English, 1 Hindi, 1 German, 1 Cartoonist, 1 Kachi; speaking people. On 9 September 1999, a proposal changed into submitted to UNESCO through the then prime Minister of Bangladesh.

On November 17, the concept become supported by means of 188 countries, which includes Pakistan, and not using a single united states opposing it. as a consequence, in November 1999, the general conference of the United countries academic, scientific and Cultural corporation (UNESCO) declared global mother Language Day (30C / seventy two). On 16 may also 2009, the UN preferred assembly, in its decision A / RES / sixty one/266, known as on member states to promote the protection and protection of all languages ​​used by the peoples of the arena.

by using the identical resolution, the overall assembly has declared 2008 because the yr of international Languages, to sell team spirit and international know-how between diversity via multilingualism and multiculturalism.

significance of international mother Language Day: this is a splendid and wonderful tribute paid through the international network to the language martyrs of Bangladesh and the language movement. UNESCO has additionally recognized in its resolution that every one measures for the merchandising of mother tongue will not handiest sell linguistic diversity and multilingual education however additionally increase a full cognizance of linguistic and cultural background round the sector. inspire unity based totally on expertise, tolerance and talk.

inside the new millennium, 18 countries of the arena took initiative to have a good time 21st February because the international mom Language Day. it's far believed to have created a concerted marketing campaign to bridge the distance among language, culture and communique.

Did they damage your monument?

don't be afraid, comrade

we are still right here-

A circle of relatives of 40 million alert and spacious.

[Translated by Alauddin Al Azad's The Monument, Kabir Chowdhury.]

the start of the historic language movement with students in guide of intellectuals, cultural activists and patriotic elements in September 1947 changed into the end result of the tragic events of 21 February 1952, the fruits of the upward thrust of Bengali nationalism. It became sizeable in a motion. The rights of the humans and the democratic system, finally caused the liberation battle of 1971 and the formation of an independent Bangladesh state.